{"id":4330,"date":"2015-04-20T08:00:04","date_gmt":"2015-04-20T08:00:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.asociacion-eurojuris.es\/en\/?p=4330"},"modified":"2020-04-11T07:22:42","modified_gmt":"2020-04-11T07:22:42","slug":"quest-ce-que-la-declaration-dheritiers-en-espagne","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.asociacion-eurojuris.es\/en\/quest-ce-que-la-declaration-dheritiers-en-espagne\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u2019est-ce que la d\u00e9claration d\u2019h\u00e9ritiers en Espagne?"},"content":{"rendered":"

La question abord\u00e9e dans cet article est celle de savoir ce qu\u2019est une \u201cd\u00e9claration d\u2019h\u00e9ritiers<\/span>\u201d en Espagne.<\/a><\/p>\n

Pour cela, il convient en premier lieu d\u2019analyser les cas dans lesquels une d\u00e9claration d\u2019h\u00e9ritiers est n\u00e9cessaire.<\/p>\n

La situation la plus courante est celle o\u00f9 le d\u00e9funt a r\u00e9dig\u00e9, avant son d\u00e9c\u00e8s, un testament \u2013 conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la loi \u2013 dans lequel il exprime ses derni\u00e8res volont\u00e9s. Nonobstant ce qui pr\u00e9c\u00e8de, la question se pose de savoir ce qu\u2019advient lorsque le d\u00e9funt d\u00e9c\u00e8de sans testament ou avec un testament nul ou caduc. Ce sont dans ces hypoth\u00e8ses o\u00f9 il est n\u00e9cessaire d\u2019avoir recours \u00e0 la d\u00e9claration d\u2019h\u00e9ritiers.<\/p>\n

Mais qu\u2019est-ce donc une \u00ab\u00a0d\u00e9claration d\u2019h\u00e9ritiers<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0?<\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

Il s\u2019agit d\u2019un acte d\u00e9livr\u00e9 par un notaire, ou une d\u00e9cision judiciaire rendue par un juge, dans lesquels sont identifi\u00e9s les h\u00e9ritiers ou les ayants droit du d\u00e9funt.<\/p>\n

Il est n\u00e9cessaire de recourir \u00e0 une d\u00e9claration d\u2019h\u00e9ritiers par acte notari\u00e9, lorsque le d\u00e9funt laisse derri\u00e8re lui un conjoint, des descendants, ou des ascendants. Dans le cas o\u00f9, au moment du d\u00e9c\u00e8s, le d\u00e9funt n\u2019a ni conjoint, ni ascendant ni descendant, il sera n\u00e9cessaire de recourir \u00e0 la voie judiciaire.<\/p>\n

Compte tenu de ce qui pr\u00e9c\u00e8de, il convient de se demander de quelle mani\u00e8re le notaire s\u2019assure que le d\u00e9funt a r\u00e9dig\u00e9 un testament avant de mourir. Afin de r\u00e9aliser une d\u00e9claration d\u2019h\u00e9ritiers par acte notari\u00e9, il est indispensable de fournir certains documents, entres autres, les documents ci-apr\u00e8s:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Un certificat de d\u00e9c\u00e8s -> ce document sera d\u00e9livr\u00e9 par le service de l\u2019\u00c9tat Civil concern\u00e9.<\/li>\n
  2. Un certificat du Registre des Actes Testamentaires (\u00ab\u00a0Registro de \u00daltimas voluntades\u00a0\u00bb) qui certifie que le d\u00e9funt n\u2019a pas fait de testament.<\/li>\n
  3. Un certificat d\u2019inscription dans une commune ou la carte d\u2019identit\u00e9 du d\u00e9funt.<\/li>\n
  4. Les documents officiels qui attestent aussi bien du lien conjugal que du lien de parent\u00e9 (livret de famille, acte de mariage, acte de naissance, etc.). L\u2019exigence de ces documents varie selon les circonstances, c\u2019est pourquoi il est n\u00e9cessaire de demander une confirmation pr\u00e9alable aupr\u00e8s du notaire.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    La comparution de deux (2) t\u00e9moins connaissant la famille est \u00e9galement requise, dans le but de confirmer qu\u2019ils n\u2019ont pas connaissance de l\u2019existence d\u2019autres ayants droit potentiels, qui pourraient r\u00e9clamer l\u2019h\u00e9ritage.<\/p>\n

    Conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 ce qui pr\u00e9c\u00e8de, il est possible de constater que bien que le d\u00e9funt soit d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 sans testament ou que celui-ci soit nul ou caduc, les ayants droit ne sont pas d\u00e9nu\u00e9s de protection juridique. Ces derniers peuvent r\u00e9clamer l\u2019h\u00e9ritage gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une d\u00e9claration d\u2019h\u00e9ritiers par acte notari\u00e9, lorsqu\u2019elle est n\u00e9cessaire, en fonction des circonstances du cas.<\/p>\n

    Monika Bertram<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Mariscal Abogados, Avocats francophones en Espagne<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

    Eurojuris Espa\u00f1a<\/em><\/a><\/strong><\/strong>, r\u00e9seau espagnol inernational de cabinet d\u2019avocats<\/em><\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Lorsqu\u2019une personne d\u00e9c\u00e8de sans avoir r\u00e9dig\u00e9 de testament en Espagne, les h\u00e9ritiers seront identifi\u00e9s par une \u201cd\u00e9claration d\u2019h\u00e9ritiers\u201d, qui pourra \u00eatre r\u00e9alis\u00e9e soit par un notaire lorsque les ayants droit sont les ascendants, descendants ou le conjoint, soit par un juge dans les autres cas.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[258],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4330","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articles-juridiques"],"yoast_head":"\nLa d\u00e9claration d\u2019h\u00e9ritiers en Espagne<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La d\u00e9claration d\u2019h\u00e9ritiers en Espagne est l\u2019\u00e9quivalent de l\u2019acte de notori\u00e9t\u00e9 en France, une d\u00e9cision judiciaire qui identifie les 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